Technology Readiness Levels

  • 1: Basic Research

    Principles postulated and observed but no experimental proof available.

  • 2: Technology Formulation

    Concept and application have been formulated.

  • 3: Applied Research

    First laboratory tests completed.  Proof of Concept.

  • 4: Small Scale Prototype

    Built in a laboratory Environment (ugly prototype).

  • 5: Large Scale Prototype

    Tested in intended environment.

  • 6: Prototype system

    Tested in intended environment close to expected performance.

  • 7: Demonstration System

    Operating in operation environment in per commercial scale.

  • 8: Commercial System

    Manufacturing Issues solved, Market establishment. Pre-Commercialisation Demonstration.

  • 9: Full Commercial Application

    Technology available for consumers, Full Commercial Roll out.